Obstetrics and Gynecology
Dina Hyari; Duha Arabiat; Ayman A. Qatawneh; Murad Rabadi; Katea Albawalsah; Rula Barham; Layan Budair; Omar Ahmed Abdelwahab
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 17 January 2024
Abstract
Background: Menstrual irregularities after COVID-19 vaccines have been widely reported. This study aims to evaluate Jordanian women's menstrual changes after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.
Methods: This study is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted through an online self-administered questionnaire ...
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Background: Menstrual irregularities after COVID-19 vaccines have been widely reported. This study aims to evaluate Jordanian women's menstrual changes after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.
Methods: This study is an analytical cross-sectional study conducted through an online self-administered questionnaire distributed through social media during June and July 2022. It involved 384 women between the ages of 20 and 35 who took the vaccine and did not suffer from gynaecological or medical conditions that affect menstruation, were not pregnant or lactating, were not utilising hormonal or intrauterine contraceptives, and had normal menstrual cycle length and regularity prior to vaccination.
Results: The results of this study showed a statistically significant increase in menstrual cycle length with a mean difference of 2 days (p=<0.001), but not in menstrual duration (p=0.824). 55.4% had their first period after vaccination on time. Eight participants reported new-onset intermenstrual bleeding. Additionally, 41.3% experienced changes in menstrual volume, and their first period came on time. Around one-third of women reported increased or new-onset dysmenorrhea. As for premenstrual symptoms, 30% reported increased or new-onset mood disturbances, 20.6% had changes in their sleeping patterns, 17% had increased headaches.
Conclusion: The study revealed that COVID-19 vaccination might cause changes in menstrual cycle length and new or increased menstruation problems in some women, including dysmenorrhea, premenstrual symptoms, and intermenstrual bleeding. These results emphasize the need for additional longitudinal research to understand the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on menstrual health and to provide support and education to women who experience menstrual abnormalities after vaccination.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Khor Chun Kit; Christine Na Sin Ee; Jackie Wong Kee Hung; Aiswaryaa Devi A/P Tambi Selvam; Chan Sue Vern; Lee Lionel; Hussein Akl; Kavitha Nagandla
Volume 8, Issue 2 , March and April 2023, , Pages 105-112
Abstract
Background & Objective: Adenomyosis is a common benign endometrial disease which causes abnormal uterine bleeding in premenopausal women and affects the quality of life. The definitive treatment is hysterectomy; however, medical treatment is an option for those who wish to preserve fertility. ...
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Background & Objective: Adenomyosis is a common benign endometrial disease which causes abnormal uterine bleeding in premenopausal women and affects the quality of life. The definitive treatment is hysterectomy; however, medical treatment is an option for those who wish to preserve fertility. This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device as medical management in women who have adenomyosis.Materials & Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus databases from January 2000 to November 2019 for relevant studies containing the use of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) in managing patients with ultrasonographic diagnosis of adenomyosis. Main outcome measures in the study are menstrual blood loss (milliliters), pain score measured in 10 cm-visual analogue scale, and uterine volume.Results: Pooled results from meta-analysis showed that after LNG-IUD treatment for adenomyosis, there is significant reduction in dysmenorrhoea, measured using Visual Analogue Scale after 6 months (Standardized Mean Difference (SMD): 3.68; Cl: 2.11-5.25) , 12 months (SMD: 4.23; CI: 2.99-5.48), 24 months (SMD: 4.69; CI: 3.40-5.97) and 36 months (SMD: 4.01; CI: 3.57-4.45); significant reduction in menstrual bleeding after 6 months (SMD: 2.52; CI: 1.15-3.89), 12 months (SMD: 3.43; CI: 1.64-5.22) and 24 months (SMD: 3.57; CI: 1.88-5.26); significant reduction in uterine volume after 6 months (SMD: 0.49; CI: 0.04-0.93), 12 months (SMD: 0.80; CI: 0.11-1.48) and 24 months (SMD: 0.86; CI: 0.15-1.58).Conclusion: LNG-IUS is an effective method in alleviating the symptoms of adenomyosis. It is a valuable long-term alternative for the treatment of adenomyosis for young and perimenopausal women in terms of dysmenorrhoea and heavy menstrual bleeding.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Farzaneh Rashidi Fakari; Masoumeh Simbar; Golshan Tahmasebi; Abbas Ebadi; Fahimeh Rashidi Fakari; Malihe Nasiri; Masumeh Ghazanfarpour
Volume 6, Issue 2 , March 2021, , Pages 81-86
Abstract
Background: Menstruation with cramping pain is one of the problems that appear during adolescence. The severity of dysmenorrhea affects the extent of activity limitation. Given the high prevalence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents and the personal-social effect of this condition on their daily lives, using ...
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Background: Menstruation with cramping pain is one of the problems that appear during adolescence. The severity of dysmenorrhea affects the extent of activity limitation. Given the high prevalence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents and the personal-social effect of this condition on their daily lives, using reliable tools for assessing the severity of this condition in different populations of different countries can significantly contribute to the standard diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of people suffering from dysmenorrhea.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on a population of adolescent girls (Iran) in 2019. The research was approved and monitored by the relevant supervisory body, which issued the pertinent ethics licenses and letters of introduction. Sampling was performed using the cluster method from public schools. Inclusion criteria were Iranian nationality and not having any underlying diseases. The exclusion criterion was the unwillingness to continue participation. The data collection tools were a questionnaire of demographic and menstrual information as well as verbal rating scale (VRS; for both drug and pain) and working ability, location, intensity, days of pain, dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) questionnaires.Results: The participants had a mean age of 15.6±2.3 years and a mean age of menarche of 12.5±1.3 years. The best sensitivity and specificity of the tools were respectively calculated as 63.7% and 56.9% for WaLIDD (at point 4.5), 57.3% and 70.8% for VRS (pain; at point 1.5), and 33.9% and 72.2% for VRS (drug; at point 0.5).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, none of the tools had high specificity and sensitivity at the same time. However, WaLIDD had high sensitivity, and VRS (for both pain and drug) exhibited high specificity.