Gynecology Oncology
Roya Dolatkhah; Mehrnaz Hosseinalifam; Zohreh Sanaat; Neda Dolatkhah; Saeed Dastgiri
Volume 8, Issue 5 , September and October 2023, , Pages 422-430
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) was the most common cancer in Iran, accounting for 12.9% of all incident cancer, and was the 5th leading cause of cancer death in 2020. The latest age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of breast cancer was 35.8 in Iran and is expected to increase to more than 70 per 100,000 by the ...
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Breast cancer (BC) was the most common cancer in Iran, accounting for 12.9% of all incident cancer, and was the 5th leading cause of cancer death in 2020. The latest age standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of breast cancer was 35.8 in Iran and is expected to increase to more than 70 per 100,000 by the end of 2030. Incidence of breast cancer had a clustering pattern in Iran, while central provinces had the highest ASIR (72 per 100,000 population), and South East provinces had the lowest ASIR (5-11 per 100,000 population). Numerous studies have shown that the peak incidence of breast cancer was occurred in the age group of 40-49 years in Iran. There has also been reported a rapid increase in the incidence in young women from different regions of the country. Known molecular and cellular processes involved in the development of breast cancer in Iranian BCs have been reported from various studies in recent decades, and the most well-known and prominent genes susceptible to breast cancer were BRCA1 and BRCA2. They acted as tumor suppressor genes and inherited mutations leading to chromosomal instability. However, non-coding RNAs, epigenetic alterations, signaling pathways, immune responses, and antioxidant-related genes are the main molecular processes associated with the progression of breast cancer among Iranian patients. While we are facing a significant increase in the incidence of breast cancer, with a lower survival rate, breast cancer is currently considered as one of the major health problems in Iran, which emphasizes the importance of providing and designing prevention and early detection program of breast cancer.
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Haleh Ayatollahi; Somayeh Ghasemzadeh; Sedigheh Ghasemiyan Dizaj Mehr
Volume 7, Issue 3 , January and February 2022, , Pages 192-199
Abstract
Background & Objective: At the beginning of the pandemic COVID-19, most health facilities suspended non-emergency surgeries to ensure emergency care capacity. Due to the need for surgery, and insufficient information about the complications of surgery in these patients, the present study aimed to ...
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Background & Objective: At the beginning of the pandemic COVID-19, most health facilities suspended non-emergency surgeries to ensure emergency care capacity. Due to the need for surgery, and insufficient information about the complications of surgery in these patients, the present study aimed to investigate the outcome of surgeries in patients with COVID-19 in Motahari Hospital in Urmia.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 112 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who underwent surgery. A Checklist including the following data was extracted from the patients' medical records, symptoms, laboratory tests, and any complications related to surgery up to one month after separate surgery.Results: A total of 6.3% of patients had limited complications due to the incision site after the surgery. The results did not show a significant relationship between age, type of anesthesia, and the type of operation with complications. However, the highest percentage of complications was seen in less than 40 years and emergency surgeries. It was found that patients with a history of diabetes had the highest rate of complications (57.1%), although there was no significant relationship between the underlying disease and complications (P = 0.40). In our study, none of the patients experienced complications such as vascular thrombosis or embolism, respiratory failure, and heart failure, or the need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Overall, 17.9% of patients needed ICU admission (mean 2.16 ± 1.50 days), indicating a higher ICU hospitalization demand. Also, in terms of in-ward hospitalization, patients with complications had a longer hospital stay than uncomplicated patients (7.85 ± 3.36 days) vs. (5.13 ± 1.66), which was not statistically significant (P = 0.88).Conclusion: The results show that surgery is not directly associated with an increased risk of mortality and complications in patients with COVID-19. On the other hand, Underlying diseases, age, and the urgency of surgery are associated with a higher risk for complications than COVID-19.
